{"id":2532,"date":"2026-02-18T20:55:25","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T18:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/?page_id=2532"},"modified":"2026-02-18T23:21:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T21:21:11","slug":"heat-conduction-calculator-fouriers-law","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/?page_id=2532","title":{"rendered":"Heat Conduction Calculator (Fourier\u2019s Law)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"eco-tool wp-block-group\" id=\"eco-tool-conduction-fixed\">\n  <div class=\"eco-tool__header\">\n    <h2 class=\"eco-tool__title\">Heat Conduction Calculator (Fourier\u2019s Law)<\/h2>\n    <p class=\"eco-tool__lead\">\n      Estimate steady-state heat transfer through a flat layer: Q\u0307 = k\u00b7A\u00b7\u0394T\/L. Optional: energy over time.\n    <\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <form class=\"eco-tool__form\" novalidate>\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__grid3\">\n      <!-- Preset -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Material preset (k)<\/label>\n        <select class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"preset\">\n          <option value=\"\" selected>Custom<\/option>\n          <option value=\"air\">Air \u2014 0.024 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"wood\">Wood (avg) \u2014 0.12 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"glass\">Glass \u2014 1.0 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"brick\">Brick \u2014 0.72 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"concrete\">Concrete \u2014 1.4 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"water\">Water \u2014 0.6 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"stainless\">Stainless steel \u2014 16 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"iron\">Iron \u2014 80 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"aluminum\">Aluminum \u2014 205 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n          <option value=\"copper\">Copper \u2014 400 W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/option>\n        <\/select>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Typical approximate values; real k varies by temperature and alloy.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- k -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Conductivity (k) W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/label>\n        <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"k\" type=\"number\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g., 0.72\" inputmode=\"decimal\" \/>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Higher k = better heat conductor.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- Area -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Area (A)<\/label>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__row\">\n          <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"a\" type=\"number\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g., 10\" inputmode=\"decimal\" \/>\n          <select class=\"eco-tool__input eco-tool__unit\" data-cond=\"aUnit\">\n            <option value=\"m2\" selected>m\u00b2<\/option>\n            <option value=\"cm2\">cm\u00b2<\/option>\n          <\/select>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Surface area the heat flows through.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- Delta T -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Temperature difference (\u0394T)<\/label>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__row\">\n          <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"dt\" type=\"number\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g., 20\" inputmode=\"decimal\" \/>\n          <select class=\"eco-tool__input eco-tool__unit\" data-cond=\"dtUnit\">\n            <option value=\"c\" selected>\u00b0C<\/option>\n            <option value=\"k\">K<\/option>\n          <\/select>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">\u0394T size is the same in \u00b0C and K.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- Thickness -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Thickness (L)<\/label>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__row\">\n          <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"l\" type=\"number\" min=\"0\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g., 0.2\" inputmode=\"decimal\" \/>\n          <select class=\"eco-tool__input eco-tool__unit\" data-cond=\"lUnit\">\n            <option value=\"m\" selected>m<\/option>\n            <option value=\"cm\">cm<\/option>\n            <option value=\"mm\">mm<\/option>\n          <\/select>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Layer thickness (must be &gt; 0).<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- Time -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Time (optional)<\/label>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__row\">\n          <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" data-cond=\"hours\" type=\"number\" min=\"0\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g., 8\" inputmode=\"decimal\" \/>\n          <div class=\"eco-tool__unitBox\">hours<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">If provided, energy = Q\u0307 \u00d7 time (kWh).<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <!-- Formula -->\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\">Formula<\/label>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__noteBox\">\n          Q\u0307 = k \u00b7 A \u00b7 \u0394T \/ L<br>\n          Heat flux: q\u2033 = Q\u0307 \/ A<br>\n          Energy: E = Q\u0307 \u00b7 t\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Steady-state, 1D, no convection\/radiation included.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__actions\">\n      <button type=\"button\" class=\"wp-element-button eco-tool__btn\" data-cond=\"calc\">Calculate<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" class=\"wp-element-button eco-tool__btn eco-tool__btn--ghost\" data-cond=\"reset\">Reset<\/button>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__error\" data-cond=\"error\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/form>\n\n  <div class=\"eco-tool__result\" data-cond=\"result\" hidden>\n    <h3 class=\"eco-tool__subtitle\">Results<\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__cards\">\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__card\">\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Heat flow (Q\u0307)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-value\" data-cond=\"outQdot\">\u2014<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\">W<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__card\">\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Heat flux (q\u2033)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-value\" data-cond=\"outFlux\">\u2014<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\">W\/m\u00b2<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__card\">\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Energy (optional)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-value\" data-cond=\"outEnergy\">\u2014<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\">kWh (if hours provided)<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__card eco-tool__card--wide\">\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Equation used<\/div>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\" data-cond=\"eq\">\u2014<\/div>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub eco-tool__muted\">Sign: negative Q\u0307 means heat flows opposite your \u0394T sign convention.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n\/* overflow-safe *\/\n#eco-tool-conduction-fixed, #eco-tool-conduction-fixed *{box-sizing:border-box}\n#eco-tool-conduction-fixed{max-width:100%;overflow:hidden}\n\n\/* base look *\/\n#eco-tool-conduction-fixed.eco-tool{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12);border-radius:12px;padding:16px}\n\n\/* key fix: minmax(0,1fr) *\/\n#eco-tool-conduction-fixed .eco-tool__grid3{\n  display:grid;\n  grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));\n  gap:16px;\n}\n@media (max-width:860px){\n  #eco-tool-conduction-fixed 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(k)=>root.querySelector('[data-cond=\"'+k+'\"]');\n\n  const presetEl = $(\"preset\");\n  const kEl = $(\"k\");\n\n  const aEl = $(\"a\");\n  const aUnitEl = $(\"aUnit\");\n\n  const dtEl = $(\"dt\");\n  const dtUnitEl = $(\"dtUnit\");\n\n  const lEl = $(\"l\");\n  const lUnitEl = $(\"lUnit\");\n\n  const hoursEl = $(\"hours\");\n\n  const calcBtn = $(\"calc\");\n  const resetBtn = $(\"reset\");\n  const errEl = $(\"error\");\n\n  const resEl = $(\"result\");\n  const outQdot = $(\"outQdot\");\n  const outFlux = $(\"outFlux\");\n  const outEnergy = $(\"outEnergy\");\n  const eqEl = $(\"eq\");\n\n  const presetK = {\n    air: 0.024,\n    wood: 0.12,\n    glass: 1.0,\n    brick: 0.72,\n    concrete: 1.4,\n    water: 0.6,\n    stainless: 16,\n    iron: 80,\n    aluminum: 205,\n    copper: 400\n  };\n\n  function setError(msg){ errEl.textContent = msg || \"\"; }\n  function fmt(n){\n    if(!Number.isFinite(n)) return \"\u2014\";\n    const a=Math.abs(n);\n    if(a===0) return \"0\";\n    if(a<0.001 || a>=1e9) return n.toExponential(3);\n    return n.toLocaleString(undefined,{maximumFractionDigits:6});\n  }\n\n  function A_to_m2(A, unit){\n    if(unit===\"m2\") return A;\n    if(unit===\"cm2\") return A \/ 10000;\n    return NaN;\n  }\n  function dT_to_K(dT, unit){\n    if(unit===\"c\" || unit===\"k\") return dT;\n    return NaN;\n  }\n  function L_to_m(L, unit){\n    if(unit===\"m\") return L;\n    if(unit===\"cm\") return L \/ 100;\n    if(unit===\"mm\") return L \/ 1000;\n    return NaN;\n  }\n\n  function applyPreset(){\n    const p = presetEl.value;\n    if(!p) return;\n    kEl.value = String(presetK[p]);\n    setError(\"\");\n    resEl.hidden = true;\n  }\n\n  function calculate(){\n    setError(\"\");\n\n    const kRaw = Number(kEl.value);\n    const aRaw = Number(aEl.value);\n    const dtRaw = Number(dtEl.value);\n    const lRaw = Number(lEl.value);\n    const hRaw = Number(hoursEl.value);\n\n    const k = Number.isFinite(kRaw) ? kRaw : NaN;\n    const A = 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A_to_m2(aRaw, aUnitEl.value) : NaN;\n    const dT = Number.isFinite(dtRaw) ? dT_to_K(dtRaw, dtUnitEl.value) : NaN;\n    const L = Number.isFinite(lRaw) ? 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Optional: energy over time. Material preset (k) CustomAir \u2014 0.024 W\/(m\u00b7K)Wood (avg) \u2014 0.12&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2354,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2532"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2532"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2536,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2532\/revisions\/2536"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}