{"id":2638,"date":"2026-03-01T01:09:50","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T23:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/?page_id=2638"},"modified":"2026-03-09T13:11:29","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T11:11:29","slug":"punnett-square-calculator","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/?page_id=2638","title":{"rendered":"Punnett Square Calculator"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"eco-tool wp-block-group\" id=\"eco-tool-punnett-6b1a9\">\n  <div class=\"eco-tool__header\">\n    <h2 class=\"eco-tool__title\">Punnett Square Calculator<\/h2>\n    <p class=\"eco-tool__lead\">\n      Calculate genotype and phenotype probabilities for a simple monohybrid cross (educational tool).\n    <\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <form class=\"eco-tool__form\" id=\"eco-punnett-form-6b1a9\" novalidate>\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__grid3\">\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\" for=\"eco-p1-6b1a9\">Parent 1 genotype<\/label>\n        <select class=\"eco-tool__input\" id=\"eco-p1-6b1a9\">\n          <option value=\"AA\">AA<\/option>\n          <option value=\"Aa\" selected>Aa<\/option>\n          <option value=\"aa\">aa<\/option>\n        <\/select>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Choose the genotype (A = dominant allele, a = recessive).<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\" for=\"eco-p2-6b1a9\">Parent 2 genotype<\/label>\n        <select class=\"eco-tool__input\" id=\"eco-p2-6b1a9\">\n          <option value=\"AA\">AA<\/option>\n          <option value=\"Aa\" selected>Aa<\/option>\n          <option value=\"aa\">aa<\/option>\n        <\/select>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">This calculator assumes complete dominance for phenotype.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\" for=\"eco-dom-6b1a9\">Dominant phenotype label<\/label>\n        <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" id=\"eco-dom-6b1a9\" type=\"text\" value=\"Dominant trait\" \/>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Optional label for phenotype output.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__field\">\n        <label class=\"eco-tool__label\" for=\"eco-rec-6b1a9\">Recessive phenotype label<\/label>\n        <input class=\"eco-tool__input\" id=\"eco-rec-6b1a9\" type=\"text\" value=\"Recessive trait\" \/>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__hint\">Optional label for phenotype output.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__actions\">\n      <button type=\"button\" class=\"wp-element-button eco-tool__btn\" id=\"eco-calc-6b1a9\">Calculate<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" class=\"wp-element-button eco-tool__btn eco-tool__btn--ghost\" id=\"eco-reset-6b1a9\">Reset<\/button>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__error\" id=\"eco-error-6b1a9\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/form>\n\n  <div class=\"eco-tool__result\" id=\"eco-result-6b1a9\" hidden>\n    <h3 class=\"eco-tool__subtitle\">Result<\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__cards\">\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__card\">\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Genotype probabilities<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\" id=\"eco-geno-6b1a9\"><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__card\">\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Phenotype probabilities<\/div>\n        <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\" id=\"eco-pheno-6b1a9\"><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"eco-tool__card eco-tool__card--wide\">\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-label\">Punnett square<\/div>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__table-wrap\">\n        <table class=\"eco-tool__table\" id=\"eco-table-6b1a9\">\n          <thead>\n            <tr>\n              <th><\/th>\n              <th id=\"eco-top1-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/th>\n              <th id=\"eco-top2-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/th>\n            <\/tr>\n          <\/thead>\n          <tbody>\n            <tr>\n              <th id=\"eco-left1-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/th>\n              <td id=\"eco-cell1-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/td>\n              <td id=\"eco-cell2-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n              <th id=\"eco-left2-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/th>\n              <td id=\"eco-cell3-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/td>\n              <td id=\"eco-cell4-6b1a9\">\u2014<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n          <\/tbody>\n        <\/table>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"eco-tool__metric-sub\" id=\"eco-note-6b1a9\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.eco-tool{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12);border-radius:12px;padding:16px}\n.eco-tool__grid3{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}\n@media(min-width:860px){.eco-tool__grid3{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr}}\n.eco-tool__field{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px}\n.eco-tool__label{font-weight:600}\n.eco-tool__input{width:100%;height:44px;padding:0 12px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2);border-radius:10px;background:#fff;box-sizing:border-box;font:inherit}\n.eco-tool__actions{display:flex;gap:10px;margin-top:16px;flex-wrap:wrap}\n.eco-tool__btn{padding:10px 22px}\n.eco-tool__btn--ghost{background:transparent!important;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2)!important}\n.eco-tool__btn--ghost:hover,.eco-tool__btn--ghost:focus{background:rgba(0,0,0,.06)!important;border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.35)!important}\n.eco-tool__cards{display:grid;gap:10px;margin-top:16px}\n@media(min-width:860px){.eco-tool__cards{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}\n.eco-tool__card{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12);border-radius:12px;padding:12px}\n.eco-tool__table-wrap{overflow:auto;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.10);border-radius:12px;margin-top:10px}\n.eco-tool__table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:420px}\n.eco-tool__table th,.eco-tool__table td{padding:10px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);text-align:center}\n.eco-tool__table thead th{background:rgba(0,0,0,.03)}\n<\/style>\n\n<script>\n(function(){\n  const S=\"6b1a9\";\n  const el=id=>document.getElementById(id+\"-\"+S);\n\n  const p1El=el(\"eco-p1\");\n  const p2El=el(\"eco-p2\");\n  const domEl=el(\"eco-dom\");\n  const recEl=el(\"eco-rec\");\n\n  const calcBtn=el(\"eco-calc\");\n  const resetBtn=el(\"eco-reset\");\n\n  const resEl=el(\"eco-result\");\n  const genoEl=el(\"eco-geno\");\n  const phenoEl=el(\"eco-pheno\");\n  const noteEl=el(\"eco-note\");\n\n  const top1=el(\"eco-top1\"), top2=el(\"eco-top2\");\n  const left1=el(\"eco-left1\"), left2=el(\"eco-left2\");\n  const c1=el(\"eco-cell1\"), c2=el(\"eco-cell2\"), c3=el(\"eco-cell3\"), c4=el(\"eco-cell4\");\n\n  function gametes(geno){\n    if(geno===\"AA\") return [\"A\",\"A\"];\n    if(geno===\"aa\") return [\"a\",\"a\"];\n    return [\"A\",\"a\"];\n  }\n\n  function normalizeGenotype(a,b){\n    return (a===\"A\" || b===\"a\") ? (a+b) : (b+a);\n  }\n\n  function pct(x){\n    return Math.round(x * 100) + \"%\";\n  }\n\n  calcBtn.addEventListener(\"click\", function(){\n    const p1=p1El.value;\n    const p2=p2El.value;\n\n    const g1=gametes(p1);\n    const g2=gametes(p2);\n\n    top1.textContent=g2[0];\n    top2.textContent=g2[1];\n    left1.textContent=g1[0];\n    left2.textContent=g1[1];\n\n    const cells=[\n      normalizeGenotype(g1[0],g2[0]),\n      normalizeGenotype(g1[0],g2[1]),\n      normalizeGenotype(g1[1],g2[0]),\n      normalizeGenotype(g1[1],g2[1])\n    ];\n\n    c1.textContent=cells[0];\n    c2.textContent=cells[1];\n    c3.textContent=cells[2];\n    c4.textContent=cells[3];\n\n    const counts={AA:0,Aa:0,aa:0};\n    cells.forEach(x=>{\n      if(x===\"AA\") counts.AA++;\n      else if(x===\"aa\") counts.aa++;\n      else counts.Aa++;\n    });\n\n    const AA=counts.AA\/4, Aa=counts.Aa\/4, aa=counts.aa\/4;\n\n    genoEl.innerHTML =\n      `<strong>AA<\/strong>: ${pct(AA)} \u2022 <strong>Aa<\/strong>: ${pct(Aa)} \u2022 <strong>aa<\/strong>: ${pct(aa)}`;\n\n    const domLabel = (domEl.value||\"Dominant trait\").trim();\n    const recLabel = (recEl.value||\"Recessive trait\").trim();\n\n    const domP = AA + Aa;\n    const recP = aa;\n\n    phenoEl.innerHTML =\n      `<strong>${domLabel}<\/strong>: ${pct(domP)} \u2022 <strong>${recLabel}<\/strong>: ${pct(recP)}`;\n\n    noteEl.textContent =\n      \"This monohybrid Punnett square assumes complete dominance: any genotype with at least one 'A' shows the dominant phenotype.\";\n\n    resEl.hidden=false;\n  });\n\n  resetBtn.addEventListener(\"click\", function(){\n    p1El.value=\"Aa\";\n    p2El.value=\"Aa\";\n    domEl.value=\"Dominant trait\";\n    recEl.value=\"Recessive trait\";\n    resEl.hidden=true;\n  });\n})();\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Punnett Square Calculator Calculate genotype and phenotype probabilities for a simple monohybrid cross (educational tool). Parent 1 genotype AAAaaa Choose the genotype (A = dominant allele, a = recessive). Parent&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2571,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2638"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2683,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638\/revisions\/2683"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-x.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}