Science

Mutations are the tiny changes in DNA that drive the vast complexity of life on Earth. They are both creators and destroyers—fueling evolution, enabling adaptation, and occasionally causing genetic disorders.…

Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth. It provides humanity with a window into the planet’s internal structure, revealing how our…

Physics is one of the most fundamental sciences — it seeks to understand how the universe works, from the motion of planets to the vibrations of atoms. Everything around us,…

Chemistry is the central science that connects physics, biology, and Earth sciences. It explores how matter is structured, how substances interact, and how new materials are formed. Every breath we…

Acids and bases — or alkalis — are fundamental substances that shape the world around us and play a vital role in both nature and human life. From the sour…